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Crop Water Requirement Estimation by Using Cropwat Model: A Case Study of Abrajit Earthen Dam Command Area, East Gojjam, Ethiopia

Published in Hydrology (Volume 11, Issue 3)
Received: 25 August 2023     Accepted: 18 September 2023     Published: 8 October 2023
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Abstract

Currently, the Ethiopian government has launched an extensive irrigation system in the country and is constructing various small earthen dams in each woreda. But there is a gap between the water potential that we have and the water needs for the command area that has not been adequately studied. To solve this problem, these researchers are trying to compare the potential of the existing dams and the water needs of the exiting command areas using a CROPWAT model. The main crops cultivated are tefe, wheat, corn, paper, cabbage, corn, etc. However, for this work, the researcher only admitted that the whole area was suitable for wheat because of suitability, need, ease of irrigation and agricultural practice as well of the dominant irrigation type of the community should be used. The gross area of the project area covers a total of 6,456 hectares. Of this, only 4,566 hectares of the command area has been used for agricultural purposes by the villagers of the study area, while 286 hectares of the command area is currently irrigated by Abrajit dams. From the CROPWAT software model analysis consequence we have agreed that the total artificial application of water request for the existing command area in the region at seventeen percent (70%) effectiveness is 179.5 millimeter and a net irrigation requirement of 123.1 millimeter of water. Currently, the irrigation system taking place in the study area is 77.4% of the dam's capacity. There is additional irrigation capacity in the study area that will allow 22.6% of the earth dams to be irrigated in the future without having to build an additional dam.

Published in Hydrology (Volume 11, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.hyd.20231103.11
Page(s) 43-50
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Irrigation Demand, CROPWAT Model, Reference and Evapotranspiration of Crops, Effective Rainfall, Irrigation Planning

References
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[2] Adeniran K A, Amodu M F, Amodu M O, Adeniji F A. Water requirements of some selected crops in Kampe dam irrigation project. Australia Journal of Agriculture Engineering, 2010; 1 (4): 119–125.
[3] Allen, R. G.; Pereira, L. S.; Raes, D.; Smith, M., (1998): Crop evapotranspiration-guidelines for computing crop water requirements - FAO Irrigation and drainage paper 56, FAO, Rome, Italy, 300p.
[4] Araya, A.; Kisekka, I.; Vara Prasad, P. V.; Gowda, P. H., (2017): Evaluating optimum limited irrigation management strategies for corn production in the Ogallala aquifer region. J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 143, 04017041.
[5] Barker, R., (2002): Recent development in irrigation management in Asia and the Pacific. Report of the APO seminar on organizational change for participatory irrigation management. Philippines, (Tokyo: 23-27 October 2000 (SEM-32-00).
[6] Broner, I. 2005. Irrigation: Irrigation scheduling. Fact Sheet No. 4.708. Colorado State University Extension –USDA. 2 pp. [Online] Available: http://www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs /crops/04708.pdf
[7] Chen, F. W.; Liu, C. W.; Chang, F. J., (2014): Improvement of the agricultural effective rainfall for irrigating rice using the optimal clustering model of rainfall station network. Paddy Water Environ. 12, 393–406.
[8] Djaman, K.; Balde, A. B.; Sow, A.; Muller, A. B.; Irmak, S.; N’Diaye, M. K.; Manneh, B.; Moukoumbi, Y. D.; Futakuchi, K.; Saito, K., (2015): Evaluation of sixteen reference evapotranspiration methods under sahelian conditions in the Senegal River Valley. J. Hydrol. Reg. Stud. 3, 139–159.
[9] Djaman, K.; Irmak, S., (2013): Actual crop evapotranspiration and alfalfa- and grass-reference crop coefficients of maize under full and limited irrigation and rain fed conditions. J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 139, 433–446.
[10] FAO (2009): CropWat 8.0, edited, land and water development division. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
[11] Levidow, L.; Zaccaria, D.; Maia, R.; Vivas, E.; Todorovic, M.; Scardigno, A., (2014): Improving water-efficient irrigation: Prospects and difficulties of innovative practices. Agric. Water Manag., 146, 84–94.
[12] Malikian A., Gasemi H., Ahmdian A., (2009): Evaluation of the efficiency of Cropwat8 model for determining plant water requirement in arid region, Zabol University, Iran. http://jdesert.ut.ac.ir/pdf_36341_b5506d9c85fe0387ce84d 4132b117cfa.html
[13] Nischelm. J., J. Cordes, B. Riewe and R. Hohm. 2011. Current irrigation management practices study 2007 – 2009. Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development. Lethbridge, AB. 36 pp.
[14] Panda RK, Behera SK, Kashyap PS 2004. Effective management of irrigation water for maize under stress conditions. Agric. Watermanag. 2004; 66: 181-203.
[15] Peter, J. R., (2004): Participatory irrigation management, international network on participatory irrigation management, (Washington, DC: INWEPF/ SY/2004(06)).
[16] Rao BB, Savani MB. Application of PLANTGRO, a water use model for differentially irrigated pearl millet. J Agrometeol. 1999; 1: 65-72.
[17] Rathore LS, Nisha Mendiratta, Singh KK. Soil moisture prediction under maize in sandy loam. Annals of Arid Zone. 1998; 37 (1): 47-52.
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  • APA Style

    Moges Tariku Tegenu. (2023). Crop Water Requirement Estimation by Using Cropwat Model: A Case Study of Abrajit Earthen Dam Command Area, East Gojjam, Ethiopia. Hydrology, 11(3), 43-50. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20231103.11

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    ACS Style

    Moges Tariku Tegenu. Crop Water Requirement Estimation by Using Cropwat Model: A Case Study of Abrajit Earthen Dam Command Area, East Gojjam, Ethiopia. Hydrology. 2023, 11(3), 43-50. doi: 10.11648/j.hyd.20231103.11

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    AMA Style

    Moges Tariku Tegenu. Crop Water Requirement Estimation by Using Cropwat Model: A Case Study of Abrajit Earthen Dam Command Area, East Gojjam, Ethiopia. Hydrology. 2023;11(3):43-50. doi: 10.11648/j.hyd.20231103.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.hyd.20231103.11,
      author = {Moges Tariku Tegenu},
      title = {Crop Water Requirement Estimation by Using Cropwat Model: A Case Study of Abrajit Earthen Dam Command Area, East Gojjam, Ethiopia},
      journal = {Hydrology},
      volume = {11},
      number = {3},
      pages = {43-50},
      doi = {10.11648/j.hyd.20231103.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20231103.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hyd.20231103.11},
      abstract = {Currently, the Ethiopian government has launched an extensive irrigation system in the country and is constructing various small earthen dams in each woreda. But there is a gap between the water potential that we have and the water needs for the command area that has not been adequately studied. To solve this problem, these researchers are trying to compare the potential of the existing dams and the water needs of the exiting command areas using a CROPWAT model. The main crops cultivated are tefe, wheat, corn, paper, cabbage, corn, etc. However, for this work, the researcher only admitted that the whole area was suitable for wheat because of suitability, need, ease of irrigation and agricultural practice as well of the dominant irrigation type of the community should be used. The gross area of the project area covers a total of 6,456 hectares. Of this, only 4,566 hectares of the command area has been used for agricultural purposes by the villagers of the study area, while 286 hectares of the command area is currently irrigated by Abrajit dams. From the CROPWAT software model analysis consequence we have agreed that the total artificial application of water request for the existing command area in the region at seventeen percent (70%) effectiveness is 179.5 millimeter and a net irrigation requirement of 123.1 millimeter of water. Currently, the irrigation system taking place in the study area is 77.4% of the dam's capacity. There is additional irrigation capacity in the study area that will allow 22.6% of the earth dams to be irrigated in the future without having to build an additional dam.},
     year = {2023}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Crop Water Requirement Estimation by Using Cropwat Model: A Case Study of Abrajit Earthen Dam Command Area, East Gojjam, Ethiopia
    AU  - Moges Tariku Tegenu
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    PY  - 2023
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20231103.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.hyd.20231103.11
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    JO  - Hydrology
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    PB  - Science Publishing Group
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hyd.20231103.11
    AB  - Currently, the Ethiopian government has launched an extensive irrigation system in the country and is constructing various small earthen dams in each woreda. But there is a gap between the water potential that we have and the water needs for the command area that has not been adequately studied. To solve this problem, these researchers are trying to compare the potential of the existing dams and the water needs of the exiting command areas using a CROPWAT model. The main crops cultivated are tefe, wheat, corn, paper, cabbage, corn, etc. However, for this work, the researcher only admitted that the whole area was suitable for wheat because of suitability, need, ease of irrigation and agricultural practice as well of the dominant irrigation type of the community should be used. The gross area of the project area covers a total of 6,456 hectares. Of this, only 4,566 hectares of the command area has been used for agricultural purposes by the villagers of the study area, while 286 hectares of the command area is currently irrigated by Abrajit dams. From the CROPWAT software model analysis consequence we have agreed that the total artificial application of water request for the existing command area in the region at seventeen percent (70%) effectiveness is 179.5 millimeter and a net irrigation requirement of 123.1 millimeter of water. Currently, the irrigation system taking place in the study area is 77.4% of the dam's capacity. There is additional irrigation capacity in the study area that will allow 22.6% of the earth dams to be irrigated in the future without having to build an additional dam.
    VL  - 11
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering, Wolkite University, Wolkite Town, Ethiopia

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